Industrial Battery Charging Procedures

Automated Protocol Validation

Smart Charging for Battery Longevity;

Preserve Capacity with Validated Charging.

Industrial batteries require precise adherence to charging methods to avoid irreversible cell damage. Our system validates charging against WA, WO-WA, and IUIA protocols, automatically logging deviations and enforcing rest periods after charging. This ensures balanced cells, controlled heat generation, and long-term capacity preservation.

"Wa" Charging

Wa is described by the norm DIN41774. In the Wa charge curve (see diagram), the current of charge follows a decreasing curve, while the voltage of the battery grows. In order to charge the battery correctly, it's very important to have a charger which performs a charge curve very similar to the theoretical Wa.

‣	The charge must start with a current level of about 16% of the battery capacity (Ah).
‣	After some hours, when the battery voltage reaches the value of 2.40Volt/cell ("gassing" voltage), the current level must be about 50% of the initial current.
‣	When the battery voltage reaches the value of 2.65-2.70 Volt/cell, the current level must be about 25% of the initial current. At this point the charge is normally completed.

"WoWa" Charging

The WoWa charge system, described by the norm DIN41773, is used when the time available for charge is shorter (about 7-8 hours).

It is an evolution of the Wa charge system.

‣	To reduce the time of charge, the WoWa system admits an initial current between 20% and 50% of the battery capacity (Ah).
‣	This extra current can be kept while the voltage of the battery is less of 2,40Volt/cell.
‣	When the voltage of the battery reaches the level of 2.40Volt/cell, the current is reduced to the value of the standard Wa system, to avoid useless and dangerous overheats of the battery.

"IUa" Charging

This type of charge curve must be used with batteries having a precise maximum voltage limit (gel-cell, sealed types). The first part of the charge is done at constant current (also called "bulk current"). When the battery voltage reaches a defined value, the charge continues at constant voltage (also called "float voltage"), as can be seen in the diagram above.

‣	The constant voltage phase can be stopped at a defined time, or continued without limit.
‣	This charge curve is available by default in all "XCseries" battery chargers and power supplies: MVC, CBC and ALC

"IUIa" Charging

The IUIa charge curve is one of the best for lead-acid batteries used in heavy-duty applications.

‣	The first part of the charge is done at constant current (also called "bulk current"). When the battery voltage reaches a defined value (normally the gassing voltage), the charge continues at constant voltage while the current decreases.
‣	When the current reaches the defined final charge value, the charge continues at constant current, while the voltage can increase freely, until the charge is stopped by the controller.

"IUIUa" Charging

The IUIUa charge curve is one of the best for lead-acid batteries used in heavy-duty applications, and can be used with traction maintenance-free batteries.

‣	The first part of the charge is done at constant current (also called "bulk current"). When the battery voltage reaches a defined value (normally the gassing voltage), the charge continues at constant voltage while the current decreases.
‣	When the current reaches the defined final charge value, the charge continues at constant current, while the voltage increases.
‣	When the voltage reaches a second threshold value, the charge continues at constant voltage to the end.